Drilling Waste Treatment
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چکیده
Contamination types, levels and their behavior within drilling wastes is determined by the local geological conditions and drilling mud design; notably lubrication fluids, weighting agents and anti-foaming agents. Such additives can contain potentially toxic elements such as aluminum and barium. Besides being contaminated, drilling wastes often have a high pH due to the addition of lime, caustic soda, soda ash and/or sodium bicarbonates. Furthermore, drilling wastes can have a high Chemical Oxidation Demand (COD), extremely low redox potentials, high exchangeable sodium and elevated electrical conductivity. Such conditions can also inhibit the natural biological degradation of hydrocarbons present in the drilling wastes.
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